<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">gyroscopy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гироскопия и навигация</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Giroskopiya i Navigatsiya</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-7035</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2075-0927</issn><publisher><publisher-name>AO «Концерн «ЦНИИ «Электроприбор»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17285/0869-7035.0069</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">gyroscopy-176</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Адаптивный ансцентный фильтр Калмана для слежения за GPS-сигналами при неизвестной и изменяющейся во времени ковариации шума</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Adaptive Unscented Kalman Filter for Tracking GPS Signals in the Case of an Unknown and Time-Varying</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кануж</surname><given-names>М. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kanouj</surname><given-names>М.М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кануж Мотаям Мохамад. Аспирант, кафедра радиофизики, Национальный исследовательский Томский государственный университет (НИ ТГУ)</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6347-7768</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Клоков</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Klokov</surname><given-names>А. V</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Клоков Андрей Владимирович. Кандидат физико-математических наук, доцент кафедры радиофизики, Национальный исследовательский Томский государственный университет </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский Томский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский Томский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research Tomsk State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>29</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>34</fpage><lpage>51</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кануж М.М., Клоков А.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кануж М.М., Клоков А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kanouj М., Klokov А.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.gyroscopy.ru/jour/article/view/176">https://www.gyroscopy.ru/jour/article/view/176</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье описывается новый адаптивный ансцентный фильтр Калмана (ААФК), предназначенный для оценки радионавигационных параметров системы слежения за GPS-сигналами в зашумленных средах и на высокодинамичном объекте. Результаты проведенных экспериментов показали, что предложенная методика на основе ААФК повышает минимальный уровень сигнала, при котором обеспечивается слежение, на 8 дБ по сравнению с обычной методикой и на 3 дБ по сравнению с методом слежения на основе фильтра Калмана. При этом одновременно улучшается точность измерений частоты Доплера.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>A new adaptive unscented Kalman filter (AUKF) is proposed to estimate the radio navigation parameters of a GPS signal tracking system in noisy environments and on a highly dynamic object. The experimental results have shown that the proposed AUKFbased method improves the GPS tracking margin by approximately 8 dB and 3 dB as compared to the conventional algorithm and the KF-based tracking, respectively. At the same time, the accuracy of Doppler frequency measurements increases as well.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Слежение за GPS-сигналами</kwd><kwd>радионавигационные параметры</kwd><kwd>фазовая автоподстройка</kwd><kwd>частотная автоподстройка</kwd><kwd>адаптивный ансцентный фильтр Калмана</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>GPS signal tracking</kwd><kwd>radio navigation parameters</kwd><kwd>phase-locked loop</kwd><kwd>frequency-locked loop</kwd><kwd>adaptive unscented Kalman filter.</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kaplan, E.D., Hegarty, C.G., Understanding GPS: Principles and Applications, 2nd ed, London: Artech House, 2006.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kaplan, E.D., Hegarty, C.G., Understanding GPS: Principles and Applications, 2nd ed, London: Artech House, 2006.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ward, P.W., Performance comparisons between FLL, PLL and a novel FLL-assisted-PLL carrier tracking loop under RF interference conditions, Proc. ION GPS, 1998, Nashville, TN, USA, pp. 783–795.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ward, P.W., Performance comparisons between FLL, PLL and a novel FLL-assisted-PLL carrier tracking loop under RF interference conditions, Proc. ION GPS, 1998, Nashville, TN, USA, pp. 783–795.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">ГЛОНАСС. Принципы построения и функционирования / под ред. А.И. Перова, В.Н. Харисова. Изд. 4-е, перераб. и доп. М.: Радиотехника, 2010. 800 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">ГЛОНАСС. Принципы построения и функционирования / под ред. А.И. Перова, В.Н. Харисова. Изд. 4-е, перераб. и доп. М.: Радиотехника, 2010. 800 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мухин К.А. Исследование системы слежения за задержкой спутникового навигационного сигнала в условиях узкополосной помехи // Вестник ЯрГУ. Серия «Естественные и технические науки». 2014. № 2. С. 55–61.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Мухин К.А. Исследование системы слежения за задержкой спутникового навигационного сигнала в условиях узкополосной помехи // Вестник ЯрГУ. Серия «Естественные и технические науки». 2014. № 2. С. 55–61.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hongyang, Z., Luping, Xu., Yue, J. and Xiaochen, M., A 2-step GPS carrier tracking loop for urban vehicle applications. Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2017, vol. 28, no. 5, pp.817–826.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hongyang, Z., Luping, Xu., Yue, J. and Xiaochen, M., A 2-step GPS carrier tracking loop for urban vehicle applications. Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2017, vol. 28, no. 5, pp.817–826.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кануж М.М., Клоков А.В., Парватов Г.Н., Потекаев А.Е. Новый подход в создании GPS систем позиционирования в динамических условиях приема с высоким уровнем шумов // Физика. 2021. Т 64. № 7. С. 134–144.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Кануж М.М., Клоков А.В., Парватов Г.Н., Потекаев А.Е. Новый подход в создании GPS систем позиционирования в динамических условиях приема с высоким уровнем шумов // Физика. 2021. Т 64. № 7. С. 134–144.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hongyang, Z., Luping, X., Bo, Y., Hua, Z. and Liyan, L., Carrier estimation method based on MLE and KF for weak GNSS signals, Sensors, 2017, vol. 17, no. 7, p. 1468.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hongyang, Z., Luping, X., Bo, Y., Hua, Z. and Liyan, L., Carrier estimation method based on MLE and KF for weak GNSS signals, Sensors, 2017, vol. 17, no. 7, p. 1468.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rong, Y., Keck-Voon, L., Eng-Kee, P. and Yu, M., Generalized GNSS signal carrier tracking: part I-modeling and analysis, IEEE Transactions on aerospace and electronic systems, 2017, vol. 53, no. 4, pp. 1781–1797.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rong, Y., Keck-Voon, L., Eng-Kee, P. and Yu, M., Generalized GNSS signal carrier tracking: part I-modeling and analysis, IEEE Transactions on aerospace and electronic systems, 2017, vol. 53, no. 4, pp. 1781–1797.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rong, Y., Dongyang, X. and Yu, T.M., Generalized Multifrequency GPS Carrier Tracking Architecture: Design and Performance Analysis, IEEE Transactions on aerospace and electronic systems, 2020, vol. 56, no. 4, pp. 2548–2563.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rong, Y., Dongyang, X. and Yu, T.M., Generalized Multifrequency GPS Carrier Tracking Architecture: Design and Performance Analysis, IEEE Transactions on aerospace and electronic systems, 2020, vol. 56, no. 4, pp. 2548–2563.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Alireza, R., Demoz, G., and Dennis, M A., Carrier loop architectures for tracking weak GPS signals,. IEEE Transactions on aerospace and electronic systems, 2008, vol. 44, no. 2, pp. 697–710.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Alireza, R., Demoz, G., and Dennis, M A., Carrier loop architectures for tracking weak GPS signals,. IEEE Transactions on aerospace and electronic systems, 2008, vol. 44, no. 2, pp. 697–710.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhiyong, T., Tiejun, L. and Bo, B., Research on Satellite Signal Vector Tracking Based on Prefilter under High Dynamic Conditions, Proc.4th International Conference on Signal and Image Processing, IEEE, 2019, pp. 626–630.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhiyong, T., Tiejun, L. and Bo, B., Research on Satellite Signal Vector Tracking Based on Prefilter under High Dynamic Conditions, Proc.4th International Conference on Signal and Image Processing, IEEE, 2019, pp. 626–630.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhang, X., Guo, C. and Cao, J., The study of the impact of high dynamic environment on the GPS carrier tracking, Proc. International Conference on Communications, Circuits and Systems (ICCCAS), IEEE, 2013, pp. 673–676.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhang, X., Guo, C. and Cao, J., The study of the impact of high dynamic environment on the GPS carrier tracking, Proc. International Conference on Communications, Circuits and Systems (ICCCAS), IEEE, 2013, pp. 673–676.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Xinlong, W., Xinchun, J., Shaojun, F. and Vincent, C., A high-sensitivity GPS receiver carrier-tracking loop design for high-dynamic applications, GPS Solutions, 2015, vol. 19, no. 2. pp. 225–236.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Xinlong, W., Xinchun, J., Shaojun, F. and Vincent, C., A high-sensitivity GPS receiver carrier-tracking loop design for high-dynamic applications, GPS Solutions, 2015, vol. 19, no. 2. pp. 225–236.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Frank, V.G., Andrey, S., Maarten, U.H., and Sanjeev, G., Closed-loop sequential signal processing and open loop batch processing approaches for GNSS receiver design, IEEE Journal on Selected Topics in Signal Processing, 2009, vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 571–586.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Frank, V.G., Andrey, S., Maarten, U.H., and Sanjeev, G., Closed-loop sequential signal processing and open loop batch processing approaches for GNSS receiver design, IEEE Journal on Selected Topics in Signal Processing, 2009, vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 571–586.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tahir, M., Presti, L. Lo and Fantino, M., Characterizing different open loop fine frequency estimation methods for GNSS receivers, Proc. ION ITM, 2012, pp. 311–355.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tahir, M., Presti, L. Lo and Fantino, M., Characterizing different open loop fine frequency estimation methods for GNSS receivers, Proc. ION ITM, 2012, pp. 311–355.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Esther, A., A frequency domain quasi-open loop tracking loop for GNSS receivers, Proc. 19th ION GNSS, 2006, pp. 790–798.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Esther, A., A frequency domain quasi-open loop tracking loop for GNSS receivers, Proc. 19th ION GNSS, 2006, pp. 790–798.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Robert, G.B. and Patrick, Y.C.H., Introduction to random signals and applied Kalman filtering, 4th ed, John Wiley &amp; Sons: Hoboken, NJ, USA, 2012, p. 383.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Robert, G.B. and Patrick, Y.C.H., Introduction to random signals and applied Kalman filtering, 4th ed, John Wiley &amp; Sons: Hoboken, NJ, USA, 2012, p. 383.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шаврин В.В., Филимонов В.А., Лебедев В.Ю., Тисленко В.И., Конаков А.С. Сигма-точечный алгоритм фильтра Калмана в задаче оценки параметров сигналов ГНСС в некогерентном режиме слежения в аппаратуре автономной навигации космических аппаратов // Гироскопия и навигация. 2018, № 3 (102). C. 23–39.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Шаврин В.В., Филимонов В.А., Лебедев В.Ю., Тисленко В.И., Конаков А.С. Сигма-точечный алгоритм фильтра Калмана в задаче оценки параметров сигналов ГНСС в некогерентном режиме слежения в аппаратуре автономной навигации космических аппаратов // Гироскопия и навигация. 2018, № 3 (102). C. 23–39.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шаврин В.В., Филимонов В.А., Лебедев В.Ю., Тисленко В.И., Кравец А.П., Конаков А.С. Квазиоптимальная оценка параметров сигналов ГНСС в режиме когерентного приема с использованием алгоритма сигма-точечного фильтра Калмана // Гироскопия и навигация. 2016. № 3 (94). C. 26–37.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Шаврин В.В., Филимонов В.А., Лебедев В.Ю., Тисленко В.И., Кравец А.П., Конаков А.С. Квазиоптимальная оценка параметров сигналов ГНСС в режиме когерентного приема с использованием алгоритма сигма-точечного фильтра Калмана // Гироскопия и навигация. 2016. № 3 (94). C. 26–37.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yang, M., Shesheng, G., Yongmin, Z., Gaoge, H. and Aleksandar, S., Covariance matching based adaptive unscented Kalman filter for direct filtering in INS-GNSS integration, Acta Astronautica, 2016, vol. 120, pp. 171–181.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yang, M., Shesheng, G., Yongmin, Z., Gaoge, H. and Aleksandar, S., Covariance matching based adaptive unscented Kalman filter for direct filtering in INS-GNSS integration, Acta Astronautica, 2016, vol. 120, pp. 171–181.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yang, R, GNSS signal tracking under weak signal or high dynamic environment, PhD thesis, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 2017.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yang, R, GNSS signal tracking under weak signal or high dynamic environment, PhD thesis, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 2017.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mohammad, S.S., Dennis, M.A. and Daniel, N.A., GPS C/N0 estimation in the presence of interference and limited quantization levels, IEEE Transactions on aerospace and electronic systems, 2007, vol. 43, no. 1, pp. 227–238.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mohammad, S.S., Dennis, M.A. and Daniel, N.A., GPS C/N0 estimation in the presence of interference and limited quantization levels, IEEE Transactions on aerospace and electronic systems, 2007, vol. 43, no. 1, pp. 227–238.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
