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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">gyroscopy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гироскопия и навигация</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Giroskopiya i Navigatsiya / Gyroscopy and Navigation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-7035</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2075-0927</issn><publisher><publisher-name>AO «Концерн «ЦНИИ «Электроприбор»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17285/0869-7035.2018.26.3.003-022</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">gyroscopy-282</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Исследование модели погрешностей интегрированной инерциально-спутниковой навигационной системы на основе анализа ее соответствия реальным данным</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Research on Measurement Error Model of GNSS/INS Integration based on Consistency Analysis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ню</surname><given-names>С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Niu</surname><given-names>X.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ню Сяоцзи. Доктор наук, профессор. </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>У</surname><given-names>Ц.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Wu</surname><given-names>J.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>У Цзяхао. Аспирант</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чжан</surname><given-names>Ц.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhang</surname><given-names>Q.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чжан Цюань. Доктор наук, научный сотрудник</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Центр исследований ГНСС, Уханьский университет, Объединенный центр инноваций в области геопространственных технологий.</institution><country>Китай</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Geospatial&#13;
Technology, Wuhan, China</institution><country>China</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Центр исследований ГНСС, Уханьский университет (Китай).</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Collaborative Innovation Center of Geospatial Technology, Wuhan, China</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Центр исследований ГНСС, Уханьский университет, Объединенный центр инноваций в области геопространственных технологий</institution><country>Китай</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Geospatial&#13;
Technology, Wuhan, China</institution><country>China</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>3</fpage><lpage>22</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ню С., У Ц., Чжан Ц., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ню С., У Ц., Чжан Ц.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Niu X., Wu J., Zhang Q.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.gyroscopy.ru/jour/article/view/282">https://www.gyroscopy.ru/jour/article/view/282</self-uri><abstract><p>Фильтр Калмана принято считать оптимальным алгоритмом обработки данных при создании интегрированных инерциально-спутниковых навигационных систем, где для описания погрешности местоположения по данным глобальной навигационной спутниковой системы (ГНСС) в слабосвязанной системе зачастую используют белошумную модель. В то же время результаты множества исследований свидетельствуют о том, что эта погрешность имеет характерную временную корреляцию. Корректная модель погрешностей при настройке фильтра Калмана позволит получать оценку точности на уровне фактической, неточная же вызовет расхождение между расчетным и фактическим значениями. Кроме того, оказывается ненадежным метод контроля качества измерений на основе расчетных ковариаций невязок, что не позволяет использовать его для определения грубых промахов. В настоящей работе исследуются модели погрешностей позиционных и скоростных измерений ГНСС и их влияние на эффективность контроля качества функционирования интегрированных инерциально-спутниковых навигационных систем. Для решения проблемы использования модели окрашенных шумов измерений ГНСС и обеспечения соответствия навигационных решений расчетным характеристикам точности в статье применяется метод расширения вектора состояния системы. Приемлемость уточненной модели подтверждается адекватностью контроля качества полученных данных. Результаты моделирования и натурных испытаний показали, что предложенный метод расширения пространства состояний позволяет повысить степень соответствия фактической погрешности оценивания вычисленным в фильтре среднеквадратическим отклонениям и обеспечить адекватную работу алгоритма контроля качества на основе расчетных ковариаций невязок и информационную надежность интегрированной системы.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Kalman filter is widely taken as an optimal fusion algorithm in GNSS/INS integration, and GNSS positioning error is often simply modeled as white noise in a loosely-coupled system. But many research results have shown that GNSS positioning error has the characteristic of temporal correlation. Correct error model of Kalman filter can ensure that the level of estimated accuracy is equal to that of actual accuracy. Inaccurate model will influence the consistency between estimated accuracy and actual integrated accuracy. Moreover, quality control method based on variance-covariance with inconsistency is not reliable and not utilized to detect gross errors. So, this paper mainly researches on GNSS positioning and velocity error model and its impact on quality control in GNSS/INS integration. In this paper, state-augmentation method is applied to solve the problems of GNSS colored noise to ensure the navigation accuracy consistency, and the rationality of the improved model is verified by the effect of quality control. Simulation and field test results show that state-augmentation method can improve the consistency between actual error and estimation standard deviation, and satisfy the requirement of quality control based on variance-covariance to improve the integration reliability.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Погрешность местоположения ГНСС</kwd><kwd>моделирование погрешности</kwd><kwd>расширение вектора состояния</kwd><kwd>анализ согласованности</kwd><kwd>контроль качества.</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>GNSS positioning error</kwd><kwd>error modeling</kwd><kwd>state augmentation</kwd><kwd>consistency analysis</kwd><kwd>quality control.</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Groves, P.D., Principles of GNSS, Inertial, and Multisensor Integrated Navigation Systems, Boston, London: Artech House, 2008.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Groves, P.D., Principles of GNSS, Inertial, and Multisensor Integrated Navigation Systems, Boston, London: Artech House, 2008.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Maybeck, P.S., Stochastic Models, Estimation and Control, London: Academic Press, 1979.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Maybeck, P.S., Stochastic Models, Estimation and Control, London: Academic Press, 1979.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shin, E-H., Estimation techniques for low-cost inertial navigation. 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