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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">gyroscopy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гироскопия и навигация</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Giroskopiya i Navigatsiya / Gyroscopy and Navigation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-7035</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2075-0927</issn><publisher><publisher-name>AO «Концерн «ЦНИИ «Электроприбор»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17285/0869-7035.2014.22.4.121-130</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">gyroscopy-470</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>О новых оптимальных стратегиях профилактического ремонта навигационно-информационных систем со штрафами</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title></trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Финкельштейн</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Финкельштейн Максим Сергеевич, доктор технических наук, профессор. Действительный член общественного объединения «Академия навигации и управления движением».</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Розенгауз</surname><given-names>М. Б.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Розенгауз Михаил Борисович, кандидат технических наук, старший научный сотрудник. </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>Университет Свободного штата, факультет математической статистики (ЮАР), Университет ИТМО (С.-Петербург).</institution><country>South Africa</country></aff><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-2"><institution>ОАО «Концерн «ЦНИИ «Электроприбор» (С.-Петербург).</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2014</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>121</fpage><lpage>130</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Финкельштейн М.С., Розенгауз М.Б., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Финкельштейн М.С., Розенгауз М.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Финкельштейн М.С., Розенгауз М.Б.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.gyroscopy.ru/jour/article/view/470">https://www.gyroscopy.ru/jour/article/view/470</self-uri><abstract><p>Рассматривается классическая задача выбора оптимального времени, когда необходима замена системы или ее части, которая обобщается на случай, когда качество функционирования системы характеризуется соответствующей функцией штрафа. Эта постановка применяется к навигационно-информационным системам, в которых штраф определяется точностью соответствующих навигационных параметров. Предлагаются и обсуждаются три модели оптимизации. Приводятся простые примеры, иллюстрирующие полученные результаты.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>We consider a classical optimal age replacement problem and generalize it to the case when an operating system is characterized by the corresponding deterministic penalty function. We apply this setting to navigation-information systems where the penalty is defined by the quality of its performance, namely, by the accuracy of the corresponding navigational characteristics. Three optimization models are considered and discussed. Some simple examples illustrating the obtained results are given.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Навигационно-информационная система</kwd><kwd>профилактический ремонт</kwd><kwd>внеплановый ремонт</kwd><kwd>процесс восстановления</kwd><kwd>штраф.</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Navigation-information system</kwd><kwd>preventive maintenance</kwd><kwd>corrective maintenance</kwd><kwd>renewal reward process</kwd><kwd>penalty</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Barlow, R.E., and Hunter, L.C. (1960) Optimum preventive maintenance policies. Operations Research 8(1), 90-100.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Barlow, R.E., and Hunter, L.C. (1960) Optimum preventive maintenance policies. 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