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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">gyroscopy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гироскопия и навигация</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Giroskopiya i Navigatsiya</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-7035</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2075-0927</issn><publisher><publisher-name>AO «Концерн «ЦНИИ «Электроприбор»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">UEWJIR</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">gyroscopy-54</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Применение метода разреженного представления комплексных данных для систем позиционирования и предупреждения о столкновении на железнодорожных путях с использованием радара миллиметрового диапазона</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Application of Sparse Representation of Complex Data in Railway Positioning and Collision Alert Systems Using Millimeter Wave Radar</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8680-9510</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Панокин</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Panokin</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><sec><title>Панокин Николай Викторович. Кандидат технических наук, начальник центра перспективных разработок автономных систем, Московский политехнический университет</title></sec></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Moscow</title></sec></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9069-9198</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Костин</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kostin</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><sec><title>Костин Иван Александрович. Инженер-исследователь центра перспективных разработок автономных систем</title></sec></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Moscow</title></sec></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аверин</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Averin</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><sec><title>Аверин Артем Владимирович. Инженер 1 категории центра перспективных разработок автономных систем</title></sec></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Moscow</title></sec></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7660-3375</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карловский</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karlovskiy</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><sec><title>Карловский Александр Васильевич. Научный сотрудник центра перспективных разработок автономных систем</title></sec></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Moscow</title></sec></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Орёлкина</surname><given-names>Д. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Orelkina</surname><given-names>D. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><sec><title>Орёлкина Дарья Ивановна. Кандидат технических наук, научный сотрудник центра перспективных разработок автономных систем</title></sec></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Moscow</title></sec></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2475-4811</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Наливайко</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nalivaiko</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><sec><title>Наливайко Антон Юрьевич. Кандидат технических наук, проректор по научной работе</title></sec></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Moscow</title></sec></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский политехнический университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow Polytechnic University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>05</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>32</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>84</fpage><lpage>93</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Панокин Н.В., Костин И.А., Аверин А.В., Карловский А.В., Орёлкина Д.И., Наливайко А.Ю., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Панокин Н.В., Костин И.А., Аверин А.В., Карловский А.В., Орёлкина Д.И., Наливайко А.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Panokin N.V., Kostin I.A., Averin A.V., Karlovskiy A.V., Orelkina D.I., Nalivaiko A.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.gyroscopy.ru/jour/article/view/54">https://www.gyroscopy.ru/jour/article/view/54</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье представлены результаты экспериментального исследования применения модифицированной искусственной нейронной сети MFNN (Minimum Fuel Neural Network). При этом задействуется метод разреженного представления комплексных данных с использованием избыточного базиса с оптимизацией за счет норм L0/L1 вместо классического алгоритма на основе быстрого преобразования Фурье (БПФ). Продемонстрировано существенное улучшение способности систем распознавания препятствий и автономного управления железнодорожным транспортом различать близкорасположенные другу к другу объекты, такие как составы на соседних путях сортировочных станций.</p><p> </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article presents the results from the experimental study of a modified artificial neural network MFNN (minimum fuel neural network). Sparse representation of complex data with overcomplete basis and L0/L1 norm optimization is used instead of the classical fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithm. The results showed a significant enhancement in the abilities of obstacle recognition and autonomous railway control systems to distinguish between close objects, such as trains on adjacent tracks of marshalling yards.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>железнодорожный транспорт</kwd><kwd>распознавание препятствий</kwd><kwd>радар</kwd><kwd>угловое разрешение</kwd><kwd>искусственная нейронная сеть</kwd><kwd>MFNN</kwd><kwd>избыточный базис</kwd><kwd>норма L0</kwd><kwd>норма L1</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>railway transport</kwd><kwd>obstacle recognition</kwd><kwd>radar</kwd><kwd>angular resolution</kwd><kwd>artificial neural network</kwd><kwd>MFNN</kwd><kwd>overcomplete basis</kwd><kwd>L0 norm</kwd><kwd>L1 norm</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено при поддержке министерства науки и высшего образования Российской Федерации, грант FZRR-2023-0008.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cheng, P., Wang, X., Zhao, J., and Cheng, J., A Fast and Accurate Compressed Sensing Reconstruction Algorithm for ISAR Imaging, IEEE Access, 2019, vol. 7, pp. 157019–157026, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2949756.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cheng, P., Wang, X., Zhao, J., and Cheng, J., A Fast and Accurate Compressed Sensing Reconstruction Algorithm for ISAR Imaging, IEEE Access, 2019, vol. 7, pp. 157019–157026, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2949756.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Roy, R., Kailath, T., ESPRIT-estimation of signal parameters via rotational invariance techniques, IEEE Transactions on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, Jul 1989, vol. 37, no. 7, pp. 984–995, doi: 10.1109/29.32276.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Roy, R., Kailath, T., ESPRIT-estimation of signal parameters via rotational invariance techniques, IEEE Transactions on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, Jul 1989, vol. 37, no. 7, pp. 984–995, doi: 10.1109/29.32276.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Souden, M., Benesty, J., Affes, S., On optimal frequency domain multichannel linear filtering for noise reduction, IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing, 2010, vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 260–276, doi: 10.1109/TASL.2009.2025790.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Souden, M., Benesty, J., Affes, S., On optimal frequency domain multichannel linear filtering for noise reduction, IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing, 2010, vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 260–276, doi: 10.1109/TASL.2009.2025790.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cichocki, A., Unbehauen, R., Neural networks for solving systems of linear equations – Part II: Minimax and least absolute value problems, IEEE Trans. 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