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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">gyroscopy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гироскопия и навигация</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Giroskopiya i Navigatsiya</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-7035</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2075-0927</issn><publisher><publisher-name>AO «Концерн «ЦНИИ «Электроприбор»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">LOLQGD</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">gyroscopy-647</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Быстрый блочный фильтр Калмана для задач визуально-инерциальной навигации</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Fast Block Kalman Filter (FBKF) for Visual-Inertial Navigation Tasks</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Циоплиакис</surname><given-names>Н. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsiopliakis</surname><given-names>N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Циоплиакис Николаос Илиас. Аспирант, кафедра информационно-измерительной техники</p><p>Челябинск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Chelyabinsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Южно-Уральский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>South Ural State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>34</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>71</fpage><lpage>95</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Циоплиакис Н.И., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Циоплиакис Н.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tsiopliakis N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.gyroscopy.ru/jour/article/view/647">https://www.gyroscopy.ru/jour/article/view/647</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье описывается быстрый блочный фильтр Калмана (ББФК) для визуально-инерциальной навигации. Этот фильтр позволяет рекуррентно оценить вектор состояния, включающий навигационные параметры подвижного объекта и координаты N визуальных признаков, с вычислительной сложностью, сниженной до O(N) за счет декомпозиции алгоритма оценивания. При этом сложность O(N) обеспечивается при одновременном наблюдении всех N признаков в течение произвольного времени. За счет специальной процедуры расширения исходного вектора состояния, производимой с использованием метода главных компонент, оценки блочного фильтра приближены к оценкам обобщенного фильтра Калмана (ОФК). Ранее показано, что ОФК обладает в данной задаче высокой точностью при адекватности моделей погрешностей. Сравнение с ОФК по времени вычислений и точности оценок выполнено путем моделирования работы БИНС, корректируемой на основе информации о визуальных признаках. Полученные результаты показали, что пренебрежимо малые отклонения от оценок ОФК имеют место при размерностях расширения исходного вектора состояния, незначительно влияющих на объем вычислений. Продемонстрирована также возможность обработки сотен признаков в реальном времени в однопоточном режиме.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This paper presents a Fast Block Kalman Filter (FBKF) for visual-inertial navigation. The filter recursively estimates the state vector describing the navigation parameters of a moving object and the coordinates of N visual features with reduced computational complexity, O(N), achieved through the decomposition of the estimation algorithm. It is shown that through applying the principal component analysis, the estimates of the block filter remain close to those of the Extended Kalman Filter (EKF), which, as shown previously, provides high estimation accuracy when consistent error models are used. The O(N) complexity is maintained even when all N features are observed simultaneously for an arbitrary time interval. The trade-off between computational time and FBKF accuracy is achieved by using a special procedure based on expanding the original state vector; negligible deviations from the EKF estimates are obtained for expansion dimensions that have only a minor effect on the computational burden of the proposed filter. A comparison with the EKF in terms of computational time and produced estimates is carried out by simulation of a visual aided INS. The results demonstrate the possibility of processing hundreds of features in real time in single-threaded mode.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>визуально-инерциальная навигация</kwd><kwd>калмановская фильтрация</kwd><kwd>вычислительная эффективность</kwd><kwd>бесплатформенная инерциальная навигационная система</kwd><kwd>визуальные признаки</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>visual-inertial navigation</kwd><kwd>Kalman filtering</kwd><kwd>computational efficiency</kwd><kwd>INS</kwd><kwd>visual features</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при поддержке Минобрнауки России (гос. задание FENU-2024-0004 от 17.01.24).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Huang, G., Visual-Inertial Navigation: A Concise Review, 2019 International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA), Montreal, 2019, рр. 9572–9582, https://doi.org/10.1109/ICRA.2019.8793604.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Huang, G., Visual-Inertial Navigation: A Concise Review, 2019 International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA), Montreal, 2019, рр. 9572–9582, https://doi.org/10.1109/ICRA.2019.8793604.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Степанов О.А. 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