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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">gyroscopy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гироскопия и навигация</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Giroskopiya i Navigatsiya / Gyroscopy and Navigation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-7035</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2075-0927</issn><publisher><publisher-name>AO «Концерн «ЦНИИ «Электроприбор»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">KJVYKK</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">gyroscopy-666</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Вибрационные гироскопы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vibratory Gyroscopes</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Матвеев</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Matveev</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Матвеев Валерий Владимирович. Доктор технических наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой.</p><p>Председатель Тульского отделения общественного объединения«Академия навигации и управления движением».</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Тульский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Tula State University (Tula)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>34</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>43</fpage><lpage>68</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Матвеев В.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Матвеев В.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Matveev V.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.gyroscopy.ru/jour/article/view/666">https://www.gyroscopy.ru/jour/article/view/666</self-uri><abstract><p>Представлен аналитический обзор вибрационных гироскопов, выполненных по различным технологиям: кремниевой технологии микроэлектромеханических систем, высокоточной обработки металлических сплавов, технологии кварцевого стекла, а также микровыдувания стекла. Приведена математическая модель идеального вибрационного гироскопа, аналогичная классическому маятнику Фуко. Показано, что при создании микромеханических вибрационных гироскопов возможны три способа формирования выходного сигнала: амплитудно-модулированный, частотный и интегрирующий. Рассматривается структура микромеханического гироскопа компенсационного типа. Дано описание эффекта Брайана при возбуждении стоячих волн в объемных и кольцевых резонаторах. Продемонстрировано, что на базе волновых твердотельных гироскопов (ВТГ) с высокодобротными кварцевыми резонаторами можно построить гироскопы интегрирующего типа, а на базе ВТГ с металлическими резонаторами – датчики угловой скорости. Описаны схемы ВТГ прямого измерения и компенсационного типа.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The paper presents an analytical review of vibratory gyroscopes manufactured using various technologies: silicon microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) technology, high-precision metal alloy machining, microglass blowing and quartz glass technologies. A mathematical model of an ideal vibratory gyro, similar to a classical Foucault pendulum, is presented. It is shown that three methods of output signal generation can be used when implementing MEMS vibratory gyros: amplitude-modulated, frequency, and integrating methods. A description of the structure of a compensation type MEMS gyro is provided. The Bryan effect in the excitation of standing waves in cavity and ring resonators is described. It is shown that integrating gyroscopes are based on hemispherical resonator gyros (HRG) with high-Q quartz resonators, while rate gyros are based on HRG with metal resonators. The designs of direct-measuring and compensation type HRG are described.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Микромеханический гироскоп</kwd><kwd>волновой твердотельный гироскоп</kwd><kwd>резонатор</kwd><kwd>динамические характеристики</kwd><kwd>уравнения движения</kwd><kwd>эффект Брайана.</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>MEMS gyro</kwd><kwd>hemispherical resonator gyro (HRG)</kwd><kwd>resonator</kwd><kwd>dynamic characteristics</kwd><kwd>motion equations</kwd><kwd>Bryan effect.</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Пешехонов В.Г. Перспективы развития гироскопии // Гироскопия и навигация. 2020. Т. 28, №2(109). С. 3–10. DOI 10.17285/0869-7035.0028. EDN VDBYAV.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Пешехонов В.Г. Перспективы развития гироскопии // Гироскопия и навигация. 2020. Т. 28, №2(109). С. 3–10. 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