The paper considers the dynamics of the wave solid-state gyroscope (WSG) operating in the mode of a compensation-type angular rate sensor (ARS). The mathematical model of the resonator forced oscillations is applied. The Krylov-Bogolyubov averaging method is used to study the WSG dynamics in slow variables measured by the gyroscope electronic circuit. A formula is derived to determine the scale factor of an imperfect gyroscope resonator in the operation mode under discussion. It is shown that in this case, the value of the measured angular rate and the scale factor of the gyroscope depend on the feedback coefficient, the range of measured angular rates, anisotropy of the resonator’s elastic and damping properties, and other parameters. Numerical simulation of the information readout process in the WSG operating mode has been carried out. Formulas for the scale factor relative errors caused by changes in the gyroscope parameters are obtained. Numerical examples are given.

Parasitic effects in the coil of a fiber-optic gyroscope (FOG) significantly limit its accuracy. In particular, the elastic-optical effect is one of the main causes of the FOG temperature-dependent zero bias. The latter is due to the difference in the thermomechanical parameters of the coil components: optical fiber with a protective polymer coating, impregnating compound, and the frame. One of the possible ways to reduce the impact of this effect is to use a frameless coil that has less deformation under varying temperature conditions than a coil with a frame. The paper discusses the methods for fixing a coil of this type, their advantages and disadvantages. The experimental results of testing a FOG with a frameless coil fixed between two metal disks and buffer gaskets obtained for different distances between the disks and the material of the gaskets are presented. The results are compared with similar data for a coil with one side glued to the base.

Strapdown inertial navigation system (SINS) is used as a primary navigation information source on-board an aircraft and is expected to provide high accuracy navigation solution. Often, the pure-inertial navigation solution is blended with global navigation satellite system (GNSS) data through optimal filtering to provide bounded and accurate navigation information. Several adaptive Kalman filtering (AKF) algorithms published earlier have considered either the modelling or estimation of measurement error covariance matrix Rk and process covariance matrix Qk. The simultaneous estimation of both Rk and Qk is limited in their performance due to instability for long endurance high accuracy navigation applications. The measurement noise covariance matrix Rk under all practical conditions is influenced by external factors. In this manuscript, the adaptive estimation of Rk has been explored along with the accurate computation of Qk. Further, an attempt has been made to propagate the error state covariance during GNSS outage with an accurate modeling of system matrix and corresponding Qk matrix computations. The sequential U-D filtering approach is explored to handle the ill-conditioning of Pk. The effect of propagation of Pk is judged through the quantification of pure-inertial navigation drift rate under GNSS outage conditions which is further decided by the quality of estimation of sensor biases. The effectiveness of these estimated sensor biases along with adaptive estimation of Rk and computation of Qk, is demonstrated through aircraft flight testing. Finally, various AKF algorithms are validated along with the propagation studies and conclusions are drawn for practical use.

The paper discusses the technology for designing motion relative to the center of mass of a CubeSat nanosatellite with a passive gravitational and/or aerodynamic stabilization system. Based on the previously proposed mathematical models of motion relative to the center of mass, a comprehensive approach has been developed to the joint selection of design parameters, such as the displacement of the center of pressure relative to the center of mass, moments of inertia, as well as to setting requirements for the initial conditions of angular motion to stabilize the CubeSat close to the desired orientation. This approach is used in the creation of CubeSat nanosatellites at Samara University.

Development of autonomous navigation methods is particularly related to the moon expeditions planned in the 60-ies of the last century. Later these methods were tested on board orbital stations Salyut, Mir and the International Space Station (ISS) within the Vector-T experiment. The article considers one of the lines of this experiment – determination and correction of the ISS position by the images of the Earth surface taken by onboard photospectral system. The authors provide an example of using the technique tested during the Vector-T experiment to determine the automatic station Luna-255 position by the moon image taken from it.

On November 24, 2003, geostationary communications satellites Yamal-201 and Yamal-202 were inserted into orbit. The latter has been operating in orbit for more than 20 years. Its successful operation is mainly conditioned by the results of scientific and applied research conducted during the missions of the Russian orbital stations, as well as the results of some technology tests carried out in the Russian Segment of the International Space Station (ISS), which celebrated its 25th anniversary in orbit in 2023.

The article presents the results of studies performed on board orbital stations, which were then applied to control the flight of the Yamal-series satellites and were conducive to their longevity in orbit.

The article is devoted to the development of an electroseismogyrocardiography unit (ESGCU) for studying human biophysical signals. Well-known technical solutions for monitoring the basic parameters of the human body functioning are presented. The authors present an ESGCU design based on a high-resolution electrocardiography unit with a USB interface and a seismogyrocardiography unit for synchronous recording and analysis of electroseismocardiosignals. Schemes of electrocardiography units with radio and USB interfaces for recording electrocardiosignals are also presented. A seismogyrocardiography unit based on micromechanical sensors for recording the chest excursion and determining the spatial orientation of a person is considered. The results of examining the ESGCU biophysical signals are presented. Methods for determining the parameters of an emergency condition and of ESGCU design with a radio interface for diagnosing the emergency are described.